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Introdução:A pandemia do COVID-19 foi responsável por um número significativo de mortes em todo o mundo. No Brasil, o país atingiu o terceiro lugar no ranking mundial em número de casos, em um curto período de tempo. A região nordeste por sua vez apresenta altas taxas de incidência e mortalidade. Objetivo:Analisar a mortalidade por COVID-19 na região Nordeste do Brasil entre os anos de 2020 e 2021. Metodologia:Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa, utilizando dados secundários, disponíveis no Portal de Transparência do Registro Civil, considerando os registros das Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE). Foram incluídas as variáveis: quantidade de óbitos, sexo, faixa etária, estados e semana epidemiológica. Resultados:Observou-se a ocorrência de dois picos acentuados de óbito durante as SE 18ª e 30ª e 7ª e 25, nos anos de 2020 e 2021, respectivamente. O estado do Ceará manteve os maiores índices nas duas curvas, seguido da Paraíba e Sergipe. Quanto a faixa etária, a população idosa foi mais acometida e prevaleceu os óbitos entre sexo masculino. Conclusões:Os dados mostraram a magnitude da pandemia na região nordeste, fornecendo informações para subsidiar possíveis medidas sanitárias pelas autoridades competentes (AU).
Introduction:The pandemic of COVID-19 was responsible for a significant number of deaths worldwide. In Brazil, the country reached the third place in the world ranking in number of cases in a short period of time. The northeast region in turn has high incidence and mortality rates. Objective:To analyze the mortality from COVID-19 in the Northeast region of Brazil between the years 2020 and 2021. Methodology:This is an ecological, retrospective study with a quantitative approach, using secondary data available at the Civil Registry Transparency Portal, considering the records of the Epidemiological Weeks (SE). The variables were included: quantity of deaths, sex, age group, states and epidemiological week. Results: It was observed the occurrence of two sharp peaks of deaths during the SE 18th and 30th and 7th and 25th, in the years 2020 and 2021, respectively. The state of Cearamaintained the highest rates in the two curves, followed by Paraiba and Sergipe. As for the age bracket, the elderly population was more affected and male deaths prevailed.Conclusions:The data showed the magnitude of the pandemic in the northeast region, providing information to support possible health measures by the competent authorities (AU).
Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 fue responsable de un importante número de muertes en todo el mundo. En Brasil, el país alcanzó el tercer puesto del ranking mundial en número de casos en un corto periodo de tiempo. A su vez, la región del noreste presenta altas tasas de incidencia y mortalidad.Objetivo: Analizar la mortalidad por COVID-19 en la región Nordeste de Brasil entre los años 2020 y 2021. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio ecológico, retrospectivo con abordaje cuantitativo, utilizando datos secundarios, disponibles en el Portal de Transparencia del Registro Civil, considerando los registros de las Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE). Se incluyeron las variables: cantidad de muertes, género, grupo de edad, estados y semana epidemiológica. Resultados: Se observó la ocurrencia de dos picos agudos de muertes durante los días 18 y 30 y 7 y 25 de la SE, en los años 2020 y 2021, respectivamente. El estado de Ceará mantuvo las tasas más altas en las curvas, seguido de Paraíba y Sergipe. En cuanto al grupo de edad, la población anciana estaba más afectada y predominaban las muertes de hombres. Conclusiones: Los datos mostraron la magnitud de la pandemia en la región noreste, proporcionando información paraapoyar posibles medidas sanitarias por parte de las autoridades competentes (AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Mortality , Health Information Systems , Time Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Histoid leprosy is considered an uncommon multibacillary form of leprosy characterized by presence of histoid lepromas which present as erythematous round or oval shaped glistening nodules. Most commonly this form of leprosy is seen in patients on irregular therapy with MDT. In this series we report a total of three cases with their clinical, histopathological and dermoscopic findings.
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Background & objectives: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane proteins that recognize specific molecular patterns and activate downstream cytokine production usually for the eradication of invading pathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic polymorphism of TLR2 Arg753Gln (rs 5743708) and soluble cytokines and TLR2 expression levels in malaria disease cases. Methods: The study included prospectively collected 2 ml blood samples from 153 individuals clinically suspected for malaria and confirmed by microscopy and RDT from Assam. Stratification of the study groups was done as healthy control (HC, n=150), uncomplicated malaria (UC-M, n=128) and severe malaria (SM, n=25). The PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was applied for the analysis of TLR2 Arg753Gln polymorphism and following the ELISA for soluble serum TLR2 (sTLR2) and its associated downstream cytokines, viz. tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-? and interferon (IFN)-? levels. Results: Variation in TLR2 Arg753Gln gene showed no association with the susceptibility and the severity of malarial infection. Soluble TLR2 expression was significantly higher in uncomplicated malaria (UC-M) cases compared to healthy controls (P=0.045) and in terms of SM cases, the expression was also found to be higher in UC-M cases (P=0.078). The TNF-? expression was significantly higher in SM cases compared to both UC-M and control (P=0.003 and P=0.004). Similarly, significantly elevated expression of IFN-? was noted in SM cases compared to both UC-M (P=0.001) and healthy controls (P<0.001). Interpretation & conclusions: The present study suggests the association of deregulated TLR2 pathway that leads to the deleterious downstream immune response in the development of malarial pathogenicity.
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Leprosy is a pathology known to mankind for centuries. The clinical manifestations of leprosy depend on the patient’s immune reaction against Mycobacterium leprae, ranging from small hypochromic lesions and hypoesthesia to progressive and diffuse infiltrations of the skin, involvement of upper airway mucosa and involvement of cutaneous as well as nerve trunks. In some cases, and especially during reactions there are several manifestations and signs and symptoms of systemic involvement. The objective of the present study was to analyse the incidence of leprosy and the epidemiological parameters in the period from 2011 to 2021, in the Northeast of Brazil. The Notifiable Diseases Information System-SINAN of Brazil was consulted and is being reported on the detected cases of leprosy. The various parameters being discussed in the present study include sociodemographic aspects, types of injuries, clinical form, treatment regimen, degree of disability and clinical evolution. We were all during a global pandemic in 2020-21. The 2020-21 global pandemic of COVID-19 compromised the monitoring and recording of several diseases, which were left in the background. This fact may have contributed to the drop in the number of leprosy cases registered between 2020 and 2021 in the present study. There were 168,848 reported cases, of which 55.57% were males 62.87% were multiracial, most with low education level, until primary education, 35.63% had multiple skin lesions, 68.51% received treatment for the multibacillary type of disease, 26.83% (24.468) had neuronal impairment and, 71.74%, were considered cured. Despite the drop in the global number of cases observed in the region, several factors are still worrying, these require actions that contribute to the eradication of leprosy in the region, and these include programs that eradicate poverty, implementation of health programs that favour early diagnosis and treatment of leprosy cases, reduction of stigma and social exclusion of affected patients.
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As parasitoses intestinais ainda constituem um problema de saúde pública no Brasil, especialmente nas regiões onde o saneamento básico e condições socioeconômicas são frágeis, como na região Nordeste. São um conjunto de doenças causadas por parasitas helmínticos ou protozoários, que acometem o intestino humano, causando sintomas, como diarreia, dor abdominal, astenia, náuseas, vômitos, entre outros. Seu diagnóstico é feito pelo parasitológico de fezes e o tratamento é baseado no uso de anti-protozoários ou anti-helmínticos. Objetivo: analisar os principais aspectos das parasitoses intestinais presentes no Nordeste, identificando aquelas mais prevalentes e as populações de maiores riscos. Metodologia: o estudo foi do tipo descritivo, utilizando-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura do período de 2012 a 2021, nas bases de dados eletrônicas Scielo, BVS e Google Acadêmico. Para o processo de busca e análise dos artigos, foi utilizado o diagrama flow. Todos os dados da pesquisa foram analisados no Microsoft Word e, posteriormente os resultados foram transformados em quadros e tabelas para melhor organização e interpretação das informações colhidas. Resultados: observou-se, a partir da análise dos 10 artigos, uma variação de 26,00% a 92,85% na taxa de infecções por parasitas intestinais na região Nordeste, em diversas populações, desde pré-escolares, escolares e adultos. Os fatores de risco que estiveram associados ao desenvolvimento, foram: falta de higiene pessoal e dos alimentos, ausência ou precariedade dos serviços de saneamento básico, baixa escolaridade e renda dos pais, qualidade da água de beber e práticas de andar descalço por parte das crianças. Considerações finais: Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de medidas preventivas e tratamento das enteroparasitoses, como mudanças de hábitos de higiene e melhorias nas condições de vida, como o acesso à água tratada e saneamento básico adequado. Além disso, é importante que surjam mais estudos epidemiológicos para subsidiar medidas de controle e prevenção adequadas e eficazes.
Intestinal parasites are still a public health problem in Brazil, especially in regions where basic sanitation and socioeconomic conditions are fragile, as in the Northeast region. They are a set of diseases caused by helminthic or protozoan parasites, which affect the human intestine, causing symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, asthenia, nausea, vomiting, among others. Its diagnosis is made by fecal parasitology and treatment is based on the use of anti-protozoal or anthelmintic agents. Objective: to analyze the main aspects of intestinal parasites present in the Northeast, identifying the most prevalent ones and the populations at greatest risk. Methodology: the study was descriptive, using an integrative literature review from 2012 to 2021, in the electronic databases Scielo, BVS and Google Scholar. For the process of searching and analyzing the articles, the flow diagram was used. All survey data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel and, later, the results were transformed into graphs and tables for better interpretation of the collected information. RESULTS: from the analysis of the 10 articles, a variation from 26.00% to 92.85% was observed in the rate of infections by intestinal parasites in the Northeast region, in different populations, from preschoolers, schoolchildren and adults. The risk factors that were associated with development were: lack of personal hygiene and food, absence or precariousness of basic sanitation services, low parental education and income, quality of drinking water and practices of walking barefoot by children. Final Considerations: The results point to the need for preventive measures and treatment of intestinal parasites, such as changes in hygiene habits and improvements in living conditions, such as access to treated water and adequate basic sanitation. In addition, it is important that more epidemiological studies appear to support appropriate and effective control and prevention measures.
Las parasitosis intestinales siguen siendo un problema de salud pública en Brasil, especialmente en regiones donde el saneamiento básico y las condiciones socioeconómicas son frágiles, como en la región Nordeste. Son un conjunto de enfermedades causadas por parásitos helmínticos o protozoarios, que afectan el intestino humano, causando síntomas como diarrea, dolor abdominal, astenia, náuseas, vómitos, entre otros. Su diagnóstico se realiza mediante parasitología fecal y el tratamiento se basa en el uso de agentes antiprotozoarios o antihelmínticos. Objetivo: analizar los principales aspectos de los parásitos intestinales presentes en el Nordeste, identificando los más prevalentes y las poblaciones de mayor riesgo. Metodología: el estudio fue descriptivo, utilizando una revisión bibliográfica integradora de 2012 a 2021, en las bases de datos electrónicas Scielo, BVS y Google Scholar. Para el proceso de búsqueda y análisis de los artículos, se utilizó el diagrama de flujo. Todos los datos de la encuesta fueron analizados en Microsoft Excel y, posteriormente, los resultados fueron transformados en gráficos y tablas para una mejor interpretación de la información recogida. Resultados: a partir del análisis de los 10 artículos, se observó una variación de 26,00% a 92,85% en la tasa de infecciones por parásitos intestinales en la región Nordeste, en diferentes poblaciones, desde preescolares, escolares y adultos. Los factores de riesgo que se asociaron al desarrollo fueron: falta de higiene personal y alimentaria, ausencia o precariedad de servicios de saneamiento básico, baja escolaridad e ingresos de los padres, calidad del agua de consumo y prácticas de caminar descalzo por parte de los niños. Consideraciones Finales: Los resultados apuntan a la necesidad de medidas preventivas y de tratamiento de los parásitos intestinales, como cambios en los hábitos de higiene y mejoras en las condiciones de vida, como el acceso a agua tratada y a un saneamiento básico adecuado. Además, es importante que aparezcan más estudios epidemiológicos que respalden medidas de control y prevención adecuadas y eficaces.
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ABSTRACT Insects are fundamental to biodiversity conservation in almost all ecosystems, and their population decline, and extinction directly result from environmental impacts. These facts are aggravated by the lack of knowledge of insect biodiversity, the so-called biodiversity deficits, especially the Linnean and Wallacean shortfalls. In freshwater ecosystems, biodiversity loss is higher among aquatic insects, and caddisflies comprise one of the most vulnerable orders. In this way, research focusing on describing new caddisfly species and understanding their distribution ranges will increase knowledge of caddisfly biodiversity. In the past 14 years, the team from the Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática "Prof. Dr. Claudio Gilberto Froehlich" (LEAq, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil) and collaborators have been addressing these issues, resulting in 55 described species of caddisflies. Taxa in other insect orders have also received attention and an additional 16 species have been described (eight mayflies, four stoneflies, four neuropteran spongillaflies, and antlions). Here, eight caddisfly species are described and illustrated (Atopsyche froehlichi sp. nov., Austrotinodes zeferina sp. nov., Cernotina kariri sp. nov., Neoathripsodes froehlichi sp. nov., Notalina claudiofroehlichi sp. nov., Oecetis marcus sp. nov., Phylloicus froehlichi sp. nov., and Polycentropus claudioi sp. nov.), five of them in honor of LEAq's patron. In addition, new distributional data are presented for 10 known species. A checklist of the caddisfly fauna of Bahia state is also presented, with 138 species, around 75% and 30% of them recorded and described by the LEAq team, respectively. Currently, for caddisflies, Bahia is the fifth most species-rich state in Brazil, and the first in the Brazilian Northeast region.
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Abstract Ceratocampinae (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is the second most diverse subfamily of Saturniidae with 300 species described in 30 genera from southern Canada to northern Argentina. Species of this subfamily are widely distributed in Southeast Brazil, with many endemics to the Cerrado, and important as indicators of ecosystem quality. Specimens of Ceratocampinae were collected in the Parque Estadual do Mirador, Maranhão state, Brazil. Adeloneivaia acuta (Schaus, 1896), Adeloneivaia schubarti Barros & O. Mielke, 1970, Eacles penelope (Cramer, 1775) and Megaceresa pulchra (Bouvier, 1923) are recorded for the first time in Maranhão state and Northeast Brazil and Eacles fairchildi May & Oiticica, 1941, only for Maranhão. The record of five Ceratocampinae (Saturniidae) species increases the knowledge on the diversity and the importance of preserving those of this subfamily in the Cerrado biome of Maranhão state and the Northeast region of Brazil.
Resumo Ceratocampinae (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) é a segunda subfamília mais diversa de Saturniidae com 300 espécies descritas em 30 gêneros do sul do Canadá ao norte da Argentina. Espécies desta subfamília estão amplamente distribuídas no Sudeste do Brasil, com muitas endêmicas do Cerrado e importantes como indicadores da qualidade do ecossistema. Espécimes de Ceratocampinae foram coletados no Parque Estadual do Mirador, estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Adeloneivaia acuta (Schaus, 1896), Adeloneivaia schubarti Barros & O. Mielke, 1970, Eacles penelope (Cramer, 1775) e Megaceresa pulchra (Bouvier, 1923) são registradas pela primeira vez no estado do Maranhão e Nordeste do Brasil e Eacles fairchildi May & Oiticica, 1941 apenas para o Maranhão. O registro de cinco espécies de Ceratocampinae (Saturniidae) aumenta o conhecimento sobre a diversidade e a importância da preservação das espécies dessa subfamília no bioma Cerrado maranhense e na região Nordeste do Brasil.
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Dibrugarh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (Dibrugarh-HDSS), was started in the year 2019 with the objective to create the health and demographic database of a population from a defined geographical area and a surveillance system for providing technical assistance for the implementation of programmes and formulating intervention strategies for reducing disease morbidities and mortalities in the population. Dibrugarh-HDSS adopted a panel design and covered 60 contiguous villages and 20 tea gardens. Line listing of all the households was conducted and a unique identification number detailing State, district, village/tea garden and serial number was provided along with geotagging. Detailed sociodemographic variables, anthropometric measurements (subjects ?five years) and blood pressure data (subjects ?18 yr), disease morbidity and mortality were collected. All data were collected in pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaires using a mobile application package developed for this purpose. Dibrugarh-HDSS included a total of 106,769 individuals (rural: 46,762, tea garden: 60,007) with 52,934 males (49.6%) and 53,835 females (50.4%). The number of females per thousand males were significantly higher (1042 in tea garden vs. 985 in rural populations) in the tea-garden community as compared to the village population. More than one-third (35.1%) of tea populations were illiterate compared to the rural population (17.1%). Villagers had significantly higher body mass index than the tea-garden community. The overall prevalence of hypertension (adjusted for age) was 29.4 vs. 28.2 per cent, respectively, for the village and tea-garden population. For both these communities, males (village=30.8%, tea garden=31.1%) showed a higher prevalence of hypertension (adjusted for age) than females (village=28.2%, tea garden=25.8%). The findings of the present study give an insight into the profile of the native rural and tea-garden populations that will help to identify risk factors of different health problems, review the effectiveness of different ongoing programmes, implement intervention strategies for reducing morbidity and mortality and assist the State health authorities in prioritizing their resource allocation and implementation strategies.
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Background & objectives: Contrary to overall declining trend in smokeless tobacco (SLT) use in India, an increase is observed in north-east (NE) India. This study examined the predictors of daily SLT use by gender and assessed the demographic and socio-economic characteristics that contribute to gender differences in SLT use in NE India. Methods: Data collected from 15,259 and 13,574 adults in the two rounds of Global Tobacco Adult Survey 1 and 2 for NE India during 2009-2010 and 2016-2017 were analyzed. Relative change, multivariable binary logistic regression and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis were used for analysis. Results: The findings suggest that among women in NE India, the daily SLT use significantly increased by 58 per cent between 2009-2010 to 2016-2017. Women residing in Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Tripura were 3.5 and 2.5 times, respectively more likely to be daily SLT users compared to those in Assam. While age, education and wealth were the significant predictors of SLT use in both women and men, increased odds of SLT use were observed with women’s type of occupation and the State of residence. The majority of the gender differences in daily SLT use was explained by differences in work status (44%), age (26%), education (14%) and wealth status (9%) between men and women. Interpretation & conclusions: Increasing prevalence of SLT use amongst women in the NE States necessitates integration of gender-specific messages on harmful effects of SLT in the ongoing tobacco control programmes and development of culturally appropriate community-based interventions for cessation of SLT use.
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Abstract An error in Figure 2 of the work: Braga JRM, Ramalho RD, Sousa JCC de, Almeida IL de. 2022. Scorpions from Ceará State, Brazil: Distribution and ecological comments. Revista Peruana de Biología. 29(1):e21205-e21205. https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v29i1.21205. Due to an editorial mistake, the latest authors version of figure 2 was not considered. The correction refers to the image of Tityus serrulatus Lutz & Mello, 1922. Image: Relrison Dias. The article files that indicate in the dates of the editorial process: "Correction [Fig 2]: 05/10/2022", already include the change.
Resumen Un error en la Figura 2 del trabajo: Braga JRM, Ramalho RD, Sousa JCC de, Almeida IL de. 2022. Scorpions from Ceará State, Brazil: Distribution and ecological comments. Revista Peruana de Biología. 29(1):e21205-e21205. https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v29i1.21205. Por error editorial no se consideró la última versión de la figura 2 que los autores enviaron. El cambio se refiere a la imagen de Tityus serrulatus Lutz & Mello, 1922. Image: Relrison Dias. Los archivos del articulo que indican en las fechas del proceso editorial: "Corrección [Fig 2]: 10/05/2022", ya incluyen el cambio.
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Objective: To assess prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension and its risk factors among women from North-eastern States of India. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in two north-eastern States. Information was collected on household's socio-economic & demographic particulars. Height (cm), weight (kg), waist and hip circumferences and blood pressure were measured on all the selected women. Association between overweight/obesity, hypertension with socio-demographic variables was tested using Chi-square and logistic regression was done. Total 1047 women were covered from both the states. Results: The prevalence of chronic energy deficiency was 19% & 10%, overweight/obesity (BMI_x0001_23) was 17.5% & 26% and hypertension was 15% & 17% (age adjusted 19.6% & 17%) respectively among women from Meghalaya & Nagaland. The prevalence of pre-hypertension was observed more among women from Nagaland (36.5%) as compared to Meghalaya (18.3%). Only 31% women were aware of hypertension and 6% had history of hypertension and 82% of them were on treatment. The prevalence of hypertension was observed high among 36e49 years and among overweight/obese women. On logistic regression, only age, BMI and use of additional salt was observed to be significantly associated with hypertension, while living in pucca house was associated with overweight/obesity. Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension was similar in both the states (15e17%) and prehypertension was high among women from Nagaland. This is warning sign for women in Nagaland. There is an urgent need to undertake more health & nutrition education sessions along with regular check-up for early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.
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Abstract Scorpions are venomous synanthropic arachnids, in 2019 they were responsible for more than 37000 cases of envenomation in the state of Ceará, Northeastern Brazil. To update the knowledge about the scorpiofauna in Ceará, a distribution list of scorpions collected/received by municipal agents of the Health Surveillance Service was performed in 165 municipalities (89%) of Ceará (2018 - 2019) and deposited in the Dr. Thomaz Corrêa Aragão Entomology Laboratory scientific collection, including species distribution maps and ecological data. This study included a total of 999 scorpions from two families (Buthidae and Bothriuridae) and eleven species. The most abundant species were: Tityus stigmurus (40.1%), Jaguajir rochae (37.2%), Bothriurus asper (8.3%) and Bothriurus rochai (6.7%), mainly inhabiting municipalities in the Caatinga biome. The first record of Tityus confluens and Tityus maranhensis in the Sobral mesoregion is herein presented, expanding the distribution of these species in Brazil.
Resumen Los escorpiones son arácnidos sinantrópicos venenosos; durante el año 2019 fueron responsables de más de 37000 casos de envenenamiento en el estado de Ceará, noreste de Brasil. Para actualizar el conocimiento sobre la escorpiónofauna en Ceará, se realizó una lista de distribución de escorpiones recolectados / recibidos em las agencias municipales del Servicio de Vigilancia de Salud de 165 municipios (89%) de Ceará (2018 - 2019), y depositados en la colección científica de Entomología del laboratorio Dr. Thomaz Corrêa Aragão, junto con mapas de distribución de especies y datos ecológicos. Este estudio incluyó un total de 999 escorpiones pertenecientes a dos familias (Buthidae y Bothriuridae) y once especies. Entre ellos, los más abundantes fueron: Tityus stigmurus (40.1%), Jaguajir rochae (37.2%), Bothriurus asper (8.3%) y Bothriurus rochai (6.7%), que habitan principalmente municipios en el bioma Caatinga. Aquí se presenta el primer registro de Tityus confluens y Tityus maranhensis en la mesorregión de Sobral, ampliando la distribución de estas especies en Brasil.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of psychosocial services in various institutions as well as the mental health status of residents in Northeast Sichuan， so as to provide references for the further construction and implementation of psychosocial services in this area. MethodsA total of 148 institutions in Tongjiang county of Bazhong city， Lizhou district of Guangyuan city and Dazhu county of Dazhou city were surveyed through self-compiled questionnaires covering the construction status of psychosocial service system and the implementation of mental health service in each institution. Meantime， the mental health status and psychological service needs of 21 505 residents in pilot areas of three cities were investigated using the Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）， Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 item （GAD-7） and the self-designed mental health service needs questionnaire. ResultsAmong the 148 institutions in the pilot areas， 81 （54.7%） of which had dedicated mental health service， and 58 （39.2%） were equipped with full-time or part-time mental health service personnel. In 2019， 95 （64.2%） institutions conducted mental health services for employees， and 104 （70.3%） conducted mental health propaganda activities. Of the 75 educational institutions， 67 （89.3%） conducted mental health education for students， and 47 （62.7%） achieved full coverage of the mental health education curriculum among students. The detection rates of depression and anxiety among the residents were 36.8% and 30.8%， respectively， and 83.7% of the residents had the mental health service needs， mainly in the aspects of personal growth， marriage and family， children's education and stress management. ConclusionThe psychosocial services in the pilot areas of the three cities in northeast Sichuan are well conducted， while the guarantee of workplace， funds and personnel remains to further strengthen. Furthermore， residents have prominent emotional problems such as depression and anxiety， and have a high demand for mental health services.
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A first checklist of Rotifera species in freshwater environments in Bahia State, in northeastern Brazil, is provided. The list includes sampling data from 26 aquatic environments (lotic and lentic) undertaken from 2010 to 2016. One hundred and fifty-five species were recorded, with 68 new records for the state. The family Brachionidae and Lecanidae were the most representative (54.8%). The greatest richness was recorded in the Colônia River (57 species). Those results reflect the low numbers of studies previously undertaken in the region, indicating more research needs to be focused on Rotifera biodiversity in Bahia, the fifth largest state in Brazil (567,295 km2) with large numbers of freshwater bodies.
É fornecida uma primeira lista de verificação das espécies de Rotifera em ambientes de água doce no Estado da Bahia, nordeste do Brasil. A lista de espécies inclui dados de amostragem de 26 ambientes aquáticos (lóticos e lênticos) de 2010 a 2016. Cento e cinquenta e cinco espécies foram registradas, com 68 novos registros para o estado. As famílias Brachionidae e Lecanidae foram as mais representativas (54,8%). A maior riqueza foi registrada no rio Colônia (57 espécies). Esses resultados provavelmente refletem o número de estudos na região, sugerindo mais pesquisas sobre a biodiversidade de Rotifera na Bahia, o quinto maior estado do Brasil (567.295 km2) com grande número de corpos aquáticos de água doce.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rotifera , Brazil , Biodiversity , Rivers , Fresh WaterABSTRACT
RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivos analisar a trajetória de vida de árbitras de futsal da região Nordeste e refletir sobre como suas representações de "ser mulher árbitra" se articulam à sua identificação enquanto "mulher nordestina". Baseamo-nos nos campos da História Oral, História Cultural e nos Estudos de Gênero. Foram analisadas 13 entrevistas e documentos de acervos pessoais e institucionais. Nossas análises revelam que as interlocutoras se deparam com limitações às quais respondem recorrendo a variadas referências de gênero que, por sua vez, expõem as complexidades da categoria "mulher". Destacamos, aqui, o lugar de uma "identidade regional" ao qual elas frequentemente se referem ao tratarem das formas encontradas para questionarem e enfrentarem os preconceitos que atravessam suas trajetórias.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the life trajectory of referees from futsal in the northeastern region and reflect on how their representations of "being a referee woman" are linked to their identification as a "northeastern woman". We are based on Oral History, Cultural History and Gender Studies. Thirteen interviews and documents from personal and institutional collections were analyzed. Our analyzes reveal the interlocutors are faced with limitations and difficulties to which they respond by resorting to various references of gender and behavior that, in turn, expose the complexities of the "woman" category. We highlight the place of a "regional identity" that they often refer to when dealing with the ways found to question and face the prejudices that cross their trajectories.
RESUMEN Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la trayectoria de vida de las árbitras de futsal de la región nordeste y reflexionar sobre cómo sus representaciones de "ser mujer árbitra" se articulan con su identificación como "mujer del nordeste". Nos basamos en la Historia Oral, la Historia Cultural y los Estudios de Género. Se analizaron 13 entrevistas y documentos de colecciones personales e institucionales. Nuestros análisis revelan que los interlocutores enfrentan limitaciones a las que responden recurriendo a diversas referencias de género que, a su vez, exponen las complejidades de la categoría "mujer". Aquí, destacamos el lugar de una "identidad regional" a la que suelen referirse cuando se trata de las formas que encuentran para cuestionar y enfrentar los prejuicios.
ABSTRACT
Resumo Nos primeiros meses da pandemia de covid-19, em 2020, os movimentos e organizações indígenas da região Nordeste do Brasil estabeleceram uma extensa rede de apoio e parcerias com grupos de pesquisadores e entidades da sociedade civil para a organização de campanhas de solidariedade aos povos indígenas. A produção de informações gerais e dados empíricos sobre como a doença atingiu os territórios e populações indígenas constituiu uma das principais estratégias de ação. Essa mobilização foi a base para a constituição de redes colaborativas que investigaram como ocorreu o enfrentamento dos povos diante da pandemia, por meio de um viés antropológico e aplicando métodos que poderíamos definir como uma pesquisa colaborativa virtual. Este artigo, portanto, discute o potencial desse tipo de parceria para a reflexão sobre o Subsistema de Atenção à Saúde Indígena, argumentando que esse modelo pode constituir uma forma de apoio ao controle social exercido por parte das comunidades.
Abstract In the first months of the covid-19 pandemic, in 2020, indigenous movements and organizations in the Northeast region of Brazil established an extensive network of support and partnerships with groups of researchers and civil society entities to organize campaigns of solidarity with the indigenous peoples. The production of general information and empirical data on how the disease reached indigenous territories and populations constituted one of the main strategies for action. This mobilization was the basis for establishing collaborative networks that investigated how the indigenous peoples faced the pandemic, from an anthropological bias and applying methods that we could define as virtual collaborative research. The article, thus, discusses the potential of this type of partnership for reflection on the Indigenous Health Care Subsystem, arguing that this model can constitute a kind of support for social control exercised by the communities.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Social Control, Formal , Interdisciplinary Research , Health of Indigenous Peoples , Epidemiological Monitoring , Indigenous Peoples , COVID-19ABSTRACT
A first checklist of Rotifera species in freshwater environments in Bahia State, in northeastern Brazil, is provided. The list includes sampling data from 26 aquatic environments (lotic and lentic) undertaken from 2010 to 2016. One hundred and fifty-five species were recorded, with 68 new records for the state. The family Brachionidae and Lecanidae were the most representative (54.8%). The greatest richness was recorded in the Colônia River (57 species). Those results reflect the low numbers of studies previously undertaken in the region, indicating more research needs to be focused on Rotifera biodiversity in Bahia, the fifth largest state in Brazil (567,295 km2) with large numbers of freshwater bodies.
É fornecida uma primeira lista de verificação das espécies de Rotifera em ambientes de água doce no Estado da Bahia, nordeste do Brasil. A lista de espécies inclui dados de amostragem de 26 ambientes aquáticos (lóticos e lênticos) de 2010 a 2016. Cento e cinquenta e cinco espécies foram registradas, com 68 novos registros para o estado. As famílias Brachionidae e Lecanidae foram as mais representativas (54,8%). A maior riqueza foi registrada no rio Colônia (57 espécies). Esses resultados provavelmente refletem o número de estudos na região, sugerindo mais pesquisas sobre a biodiversidade de Rotifera na Bahia, o quinto maior estado do Brasil (567.295 km2) com grande número de corpos aquáticos de água doce.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rotifera/classification , ZooplanktonABSTRACT
Abstract A first checklist of Rotifera species in freshwater environments in Bahia State, in northeastern Brazil, is provided. The list includes sampling data from 26 aquatic environments (lotic and lentic) undertaken from 2010 to 2016. One hundred and fifty-five species were recorded, with 68 new records for the state. The family Brachionidae and Lecanidae were the most representative (54.8%). The greatest richness was recorded in the Colônia River (57 species). Those results reflect the low numbers of studies previously undertaken in the region, indicating more research needs to be focused on Rotifera biodiversity in Bahia, the fifth largest state in Brazil (567,295 km2) with large numbers of freshwater bodies.
Resumo É fornecida uma primeira lista de verificação das espécies de Rotifera em ambientes de água doce no Estado da Bahia, nordeste do Brasil. A lista de espécies inclui dados de amostragem de 26 ambientes aquáticos (lóticos e lênticos) de 2010 a 2016. Cento e cinquenta e cinco espécies foram registradas, com 68 novos registros para o estado. As famílias Brachionidae e Lecanidae foram as mais representativas (54,8%). A maior riqueza foi registrada no rio Colônia (57 espécies). Esses resultados provavelmente refletem o número de estudos na região, sugerindo mais pesquisas sobre a biodiversidade de Rotifera na Bahia, o quinto maior estado do Brasil (567.295 km2) com grande número de corpos aquáticos de água doce.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Porcine cytomegalovirus(PCMV) is a recognized pathogen of domestic swine that is widely distributed around the world. PCMV is the etiological agent of inclusion body rhinitis and has also been associated with other diseases that cause substantial losses in swine production. Wild boar populations can act as reservoirs of numerous infectious agents that affect pig livestock, including PCMV. The aim of this work was to assess the circulation of this virus in free-living wild boars that inhabit Northeastern Patagonia (Buenos Aires and Río Negro Provinces), Argentina. Nested-PCR assays were conducted to evaluate the presence of PCMV in samples of tonsil tissue collected from 62 wild boar individuals. It was found that the overall rate of infection was about 56%, with significant higher values (almost 90%) in the age group corresponding to piglets (animals less than 6 months old). In addition, a seasonal variation was observed in the PCMV detection rate, with an increase during the transition from summer to autumn. In conclusion, this study confirmed that wild boars are major carriers and dispersal agents of PCMV in Northeastern Patagonia, which raises the necessity to evaluate the extent to which this virus affects local livestock production.
RESUMEN El citomegalovirus porcino (CMVP) es un reconocido patógeno de los cerdos domésticos y cuenta con una amplia distribución mundial. Es el agente etiológico de la rinitis por cuerpos de inclusión y también se lo ha asociado con otras enfermedades que causan pérdidas sustanciales en la producción porcina. Las poblaciones de jabalíes pueden actuar como reservorios de numerosos agentes infecciosos que afectan al ganado porcino, incluido el CMVP. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la circulación de este virus en jabalíes de vida libre que habitan en la región noreste de la Patagonia argentina, en las provincias de Buenos Aires y Río Negro. Se realizaron ensayos de PCR anidada para evaluar la presencia de CMVP en muestras de tejido de amígdalas tomadas de 62 jabalíes. Se encontró que la tasa general de infección fue de aproximadamente el 56%, con valores significativamente más altos (casi el 90%) en el grupo de edad correspondiente a los lechones (animales con menos de 6meses). Además, se observó una variación estacional en la tasa de detección de CMVP, con un incremento durante la transición de verano a otoño. En conclusión, este estudio confirmó que los jabalíes son importantes portadores y agentes de dispersión del CMVP en el noreste patagónico, lo cual plantea la necesidad de evaluar en qué medida este virus afecta la producción ganadera local.